Based on more than 45 years of research at the American Mental Health Foundation (AMHF), this intensive and expert examination of psychotherapy and psychoanalysis points out the important shortcomings in the profession and concludes that there has been a marked decline in the last decades caused by the ever-increasing use of superficial, facile treatment methods. Nonetheless, AMHF research has resulted in invaluable findings, which separate valid approaches from unsustained theorizing and pseudoscientific pretense. The solutions proposed will lead to the transformation of psychotherapy and psychoanalysis into truly viable crafts.